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Tutorial One
An introduction to the Shell
Remember, you type the text in
colour
at the CLI prompt at the bottom
of the screen.
Your first Shell command
Actually, this should be at least your second command because you should
have
backed up
this disk. If you haven't,
do it now!
. Read
the section titled `Double Click Me First'. It is important to make a copy
of this disk because you could easily delete important files from the
C.L.Index disk or even wipe it totally!
Right. Ensure that you are using a
backup
of the C.L.Index disk,
and that it is
write-protected
. If you don't know what that means,
take out the disk and make sure that the black tab on the disk is
positioned in a way that there is a hole in the disk. If a disk is write
protected you can't accidentally format it or delete files from it.
So your first CLI command will be
Format
. This is so you can make a
special disk to try out all the tutorials on. The Format command, like
nearly all commands, has
arguments
. These are words typed after the
command that tell it how to behave. In this case it tells Format what the
disk's name is. Please find a blank disk now and make sure it is
write-enabled. This means the black tab covers the hole in the disk. Once
done, please click inside the Shell window at the bottom of the screen and
type the following.
Format ?
The following words come up on the screen...
DRIVE/K/A,NAME/K/A,FFS/S,NOICONS/S,QUICK/S
These are the options for the command. Please remove the C.L.Index disk
and place your blank disk into the internal disk drive. Now type at the
prompt...
DRIVE Df0: NAME Tutorial
And a message will appear saying...
Insert disk to be formatted in drive Df0: and press RETURN
If you make a mistake, type
Format ?
again and then retype the text.
Make sure that the disk in the drive is indeed blank, and is write-enabled
then hit return. While you wait for it to be formatted, you can read this
information.
Formatting tells the blank disk that it belongs to an Amiga and not any
other computer. Amiga disks can hold 880 kilobytes of data, whereas most
other computer disks hold less - usually only 620 kilobytes. The capacity
of a disk tells you how much data it can hold. The bigger the disk, the
more files you can store on it.
Once the disk has finished formatting, take it out of the drive and replace
the C.L.Index disk. Type the following at the CLI prompt...
Info ?
And then put the disk you have just made, which we will now refer to as
Tutorial: into the disk drive. Type
Df0:
at the prompt and some
text whizzes through the Shell window. Resize the window so you can read
it, using the method described earlier.
You will notice that the size of the disk is only 837K. This is because
the Amiga's filing system uses some of the disk. If you had included the
option FFS on your disk, then size would have read 880K (or a number close
to that amount). FFS stands for Fast File System and is a special system
that lets you fit more on a disk. Unfortunately, an FFS disk can't be read
by an old Amiga so is not used very often.
Now replace the C.L.Index disk into the drive and type the following line
at the prompt...
Makedir Tutorial:Drawer1
And a new drawer called
Drawer1
is created on your Tutorial disk. You
will have to swap disks during the execution of this command. Put the
C.L.Index disk back in the drive. Now you are going to have to swap disks
every time you make a new drawer on Tutorial:, which will be very boring
and time consuming, so we are going to put the command Makedir into RAM:
(your computer's memory) and run it from there. That means we don't have to
swap disks at all! Type
Resident C:Makedir
This puts Makedir into RAM:. C: is a quick way of referring to your boot
disk's (the disk you loaded into your computer first) C drawer. This is
the name of the drawer where all the commands are found - C stands for
Commands.
Now put Tutorial: into the disk drive and type the following lines. After
each line press the RETURN key.
CD Tutorial:
Makedir S
Makedir C
Makedir Libs
Makedir Devs
CD SYS:
CD tells the computer what the current directory is. This is the drawer
where all commands you type are aimed. You CD to the C.L.Index last. SYS:
is a short way of referring to the boot disk.
Your next step will be to make sure all the drawers are in place on the
disk. Type this line into the CLI window then expand it so you can read
the text. You are making sure that all the drawers you have just made are
on the disk.
Dir Tutorial:
The final thing we are going to do in this tutorial is rename the first
drawer (or directory) that we made to something more useful for the disk.
Type
Rename Tutorial:Drawer1 TO Tutorial:L
Checklist
Now you can...
o Format a blank disk with a name of your choice.
o Get information on a disk
o Make a CLI command resident in memory to avoid disk swapping
o Make any number of drawers on a disk with a name of your choice
o Change the current directory
o Get a list of the files and directories on a disk
o Rename a drawer
Now either turn off your computer for the day or continue. The next
tutorial you must follow is Tutorial 2.